The problem requires having a low cost, easily manageable training module that could develop speaking skills of the teachers. Multilingual classroom emerged as a major them, Baluchistan context. Those barriers include micro-context barriers or linguistic difficulties such as students' practice of spoken English, textual factors, too much vocabulary in English language, cultural competence and mismatching between what is spoken and written. © 2008-2020 ResearchGate GmbH. Political problems English language teaching in Iran has passed through ups and downs and has experienced extreme courses. From research to pr, language: The case of an urban primary school, 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v3n2p14, International Journal of Multilingualism, 13. instruction that meets the needs of students learning English. After the ethnic conflict in Macedonia, great importance was given to bring back the values of teaching and learning in multicultural and multilingual settings. The data was collected through survey questionnaires, interview and classroom observation. Despite the growing need, learners encounter many challenges in learning the language since to many the English Language is a second language (L 2). In the modern world of today, English language is frequently used as a medium of communication at the international level and among the multilingual speakers. An official named as "Monitoring & Evaluation Assistant (MEA)" visits every school allocated by authorities once in a month and selects 07-10 students randomly to evaluate them on his own tablet by recording answers of multiple questions related to English, Urdu and Mathematics. Hence, the study examines challenges encountered by pre-service teachers during teaching practice. becomes necessary. Akram & Qureshi (2012) determined the, males who participated in this research from four differ, English teachers and students in their classr, and the experts were interviewed. In this paper, the author discusses problems in teaching of English language at the Primary Level in District Kohat, in the North-Western Frontier Provice (NWFP) in Pakistan. The countries " educationists and facilitators often face multidimensional challenges at the time of <>
Cohen et al. Finally, this study suggests that policy makers consider adopting or adapting CLT to teach English in the aforementioned schools. The research has identified that children's English discourse is different from that of adults in terms of vocabulary, learning process, practice, and experience. The study was qualitative and it focused the problems faced by the student teachers while teaching English language. semi-structured interviews and participant observation. These reasons hindered the teaching and learning process of English. It sought to identify communication challenges faced by teachers of English language in selected primary schools for the hearing impaired in Central Kenya. We urgently need to come up with the ideas and ways to support our teachers to meet the basic development and learning milestones of our millions of students. The revised English curriculum, handed over to the newly inducted teachers to implement was supposed to pose a variety of challenges. 10 Common Classroom Problems 1. A mixed-method approach is used in the study. Similarl, and higher education should improve the situation of English teaching in, and students not only in Thailand but in other countries as well. Local mother tongues are perceived to be good as identity carriers in a multilingual and multiethnic country, and their use could best be made in intra-ethnic interaction and family chitchat. The following will outline 10 of the most common classroom problems faced when teaching English as a foreign language, and just how to solve them. This study analysed data collected via focus group discussions with 12 teachers of French (N = 4), German (N = 2) and Spanish (N = 6) using qualitative content analysis. interviews are considered more powerful in eliciting, tifying, analyzing and reporting patterns (themes) within, d under the theme of multilingual class, studentsâ weak, the English teachers, teaching in the multilingual, . Teaching English language in a multilingual context is an enormous challenge for the English teachers due to linguistic diversity in the classrooms. Pashto, Brahvi, Baluchi, Saraiki, Punjabi and Persian. A, such as in Baluchistan. �ېր�'��Ap�����ً >z5[��b5��"l�\�ǨT)�$K�1�3M_N^�B�;AK{�CI_/(D�=�
.q��d[9zypj�-�X�~3ȞL.0��&�Eo|yB)���z>�����aF8? In this region, the inhabitants for communication purpose speak a number of local languages such as Baluchi, Brahvi, Pashto, Saraiki, Punjabi, Urdu, Sindhi and Persian. The above mentioned problems are just a few of other problems but in my opinion these are the major ones faced by students. In the multilingual classrooms code-switching is commonly used by the teachers to instruct the students. 67 files were purposively selected for analysis and discussion. %����
The findings of the study revealed that inappropriate classrooms, deficient resources, lack of studentsâ involvement, lack of teachersâ awareness, and assessment and feedback posed challenges to the newly inducted teachers. What the study of multiethnic classrooms has to, , 725-732. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1986.tb05256.x, effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the, (11), 139. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n11p139. That is why the researcher developed an ESP based module to address the speaking skills of the teachers. Listening comprehension could be a linguistic and prime skill among the four language skills: Listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Now the situation is getting very pathetic and if not noticed and controlled , the future of whole nation will be very miserable. l languages in the classroom such as Baluchi, Brahvi, e in English language and teacher is facing dif, (2016) who figured out that multilingual cl, e for the students in their local language, ring the classroom observations, teachers were found, ny other challenges too such as weak lingu, istic background of the students, anxiety, ants agreed to the point that government do not, e English language teachers and thus the teach, put extra efforts due to language diversity. We hope that this short paper will benefit many English teachers to identify the problems that should be avoided while teaching. Such teachers can impart basic communication skills in English to their students who would be … Data was collected from 90 primary teachers including both male and female of government schools and was analyzed on SPSS version 16. Most of the teachers feel that there is a crisis in the education system. Medium of instruction is a matter of great debate among teachers, educationists and parents. Kannan, R. (2009) Difficulties in Learning English as a Second Language. The present study explores Norwegian language teachersâ beliefs about multilingualism and the use of a multilingual pedagogical approach in the third-language (L3) classroom. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters), the data suggest that the respondentsâ proficiency levels in academia-oriented skills like reading and writing are considerably lower in mother tongues than in Urdu and English languages. Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Pakistani government secondary school teachersâ and studentsâ, ol teachers in their multilingual classrooms. The participants were 1975 students and 108 teachers belonging to one each district of the seven divisions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Ismaili (2015) in his study analyzed the ethnic conflict in Macedonia. The other significant findings are the problems like lack of grammatical knowledge and confidence, punctuation mistakes and medium switching, and solution to these problems such as providing a proper platform for the development of English discourse, using audiovisual method rather than the grammar-translation method, motivating students into developing proper English discourse, and training teachers. This study surveys problems with English language teaching and learning and the professional development (PD) needs of high-school teachers in three provinces of three Secondary Educational Service Areas in Thailand. activities regarding English language teaching. The current study reflects the findings of Aziz et al. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Teaching English language in a multilingual context is an enormous challenge for the English teachers due to linguistic diversity in the classrooms. The respondents tend to attach greater value to academic literacy in Urdu and English over their mother tongues for they believe Urdu and English hold significant pragmatic and economistic value as languages of power and wealth. Consequently, high school English teachers essentially used grammar translation to meet the expectations of the national curriculum. Some problems encountered by the teachers in implementing mother tongue - based instruction include absence of books written in mother tongue, lack of vocabulary, and lack of teacher-training. ld be appreciated by the English teachers a, ticipants. The data was collected through a semi-structured interview protocol and classroom observation checklist. In Baluchistan, the same syllabus is being followe, students of the urban areas. 240 particip, 214 males and 26 females. The slang term Pinglish is sometimes used as an informal (and often unflattering) synonym for Pakistani English. As such the problems that are faced by the students trying to learn the language are-1. However, the reality is quite contrary. Students become overly dependent on the teacher. Likewise, Abongdia & Foncha (2015) carried out a study to analyze the challenges faced by, pre-service English teachers, teaching English in East Lond, management, supervision and observations. It has been observed that in recent times the governments of Sindh and Pakistan have been providing a lot of facilities including free books and training programs for the teachers at secondary level but the teaching and learning of English is not up to mark. The use of mother tongue in teaching in a multilingual setting affects the way pupils learn. Acco, major challenge. The current study investigated those challenges faced by these newly inducted teachers implementing revised English curriculum. Teaching and learning English for global communication become the common and powerful phenomenon in almost all the countries of the world. The reason for this is that in the context of Pakistan, people frequently assume that anyone who speaks English fluently can also teach it. It is hard for a teacher to cope with the ch, language centers to improve their English language skills. The result reveals, in its current form, the LND application is not effective and needs improvement in usability, design, content, accessibility, infrastructure, and assessment. )��Q��')���/J�#���?t��y�*(>�B����&�����v�k��/��q6Z��Q+��� q_К:%��\6Y�(�l�6���j���\��$,�����$@p�Nd�%�̓~�`�Ζ��B/�����)�F#���%f_;
�*l��0!P,z����7���>} One of the participants exemplifies that situation: Anxiety factor among the learners studying in a multilingual classroom emerged as another major theme. Teachers of English as a Second Language, teachers encounter classroom problems which can be solved with English teaching methods. Studentsâ attitudes towards an English language teaching approach play an important role for its implementation success or failure. it difficult to assist all children who experienced mathematics problems because teachers could not speak all the other languages that were not the language of learning (LoLT) of the school. Classes may progress slowly despite your efforts. ENGLISH CURRICULUM AND TEACHING TECHNIQUES IN PAKISTAN In third world countries like Pakistan, the teaching curriculum, especially English curriculum, has been the centre of criticism over the last couple of decades. The participants, should be teachers hired from the univers, Belisario, Bendanillo, Binas-o, & Cammagay, assroom in Baguio city, Philippines. Lack of quality training, lack of awareness of using latest and modern teaching technique and low salary are some of those problems. It was found that teachers had no proper training of teaching English, proper facilities were not provided and curriculum was not according to the needs of students. As per Continua model, literacy situations across contexts, development and content indicate an explicit privileging of Urdu and English (traditionally more powerful end) of continuum over local mother tongues (traditionally less powerful end). Overall, students showed favorable attitudes towards CLT. The study recommends among others that school based mentors should ensure that student teachers are supported during their work integrated learning since they require opportunity for personal growth. Baluchistan is a multi-linguistic and multi-ethnic province of Pakistan. The teachers in the last one are mostly fresh graduate or some time they have just left their own education. It was discovered that a conducive environment, exploration of experiential knowledge, student centeredness, and teaching language as a social practice are the fundamental teaching philosophies. The findings of the study, teachers, 6 English experts and 70 secondary school, was difficult and not according to the nee, the multilingual setting is the biggest challenge of this, What are the challenges faced by the female govern, ment secondary school English teachers teaching in, ary school teachers were selected for the study, of the female teachers, teaching English at. Issues and problems in teacher education. This paper discussed the effectiveness of English language software Literacy & Numeracy Drive (LND) used in the public sector primary schools of Punjab province, Pakistan. Here the authors took up a study on analysing the various reasons for the problems faced by the second language learner .The reasons identified were: B. WILLIAM DHARMA RAJA * K. SELVI ** By environment, attitude and teacher's competence. Significance of the Study It continues to be one of the teaching subjects at school level, and the teaching of this language has a dominating influence over the whole structure of our educational system. Data was collected through the use of questionnaire as well as the semi-structured interviews. Three main themes emerged from the analysis. understand a single word uttered in English language. This study aims to gauge the efficacy of LND for its usefulness, usability, accessibility, content, and assessments. in problems faced between experienced and newly employed teachers who are teaching English. Data were collected through pre-tested questionnaire i.e., one each for students and teachers. Encouraging students to practice the skills learned in class and incorporating listening exercises, such as learning poems or parts of a favorite story in the new language out o… Journal of Applied Language Studies, 23, 42. The participants of the study were 11 English teachers including 7 male and 4 female, 70 students including 40 male and 30 female and also; 6 English experts which include 4 male and 2 female. Teachers donât want to recognize that an ESL class is far, far away from a natural language usage environment. The finding of this study is similar to Haukas (2016) who claims that multilingual classrooms are always challenging. Interviews were also taken from the teachers and English teaching sessions were observed using an observation checklist to find out the real present scenario of teaching English language ⦠Asia Pacific Journal of Education. The article has also attempted to explore the strategies employed by teachers to deal with the challenges that they faced. 77-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa, De Haan, M., & Elbers, E. (2009). The paper examines and elaborates the methodological strategies that English teachers employ in order to accommodate and facilitate the needs of the students who have been raised and educated in a multilingual setting. The most challenging issue in teaching a foreign language (in our case English) is the concern of teachers on whether to use the learner's first language or not. These findings are aligned with the earlier researches: The study points out the lack of confidence as one major hurdle in English discourse development in Pakistani learners as is found by Rasheed, Zeeshan & Zaidi (2017). English language due to the untrained teachers, education policy, examination system and lengthy syllabus. Effects of English and Urdu Medium Education System in Pakistan 23. Teachers of other subjects keep changing the language of instruction from English to either Kiswahili or Mother tongue either because they are incompetent in English language or in order to have the learners understand the subject matter. An average Pakistani student teams his mother tongue first which may not be Urdu always, it may be Punjabi, Sindhi, Pushto, Balochi, Saraiki, etc. The curriculum may be inappropriate for helping students to improve their English proficiency. The purpose of the study is to highlight the challenges facing the teaching and learning of English language in secondary schools in Nigeria. Th, There were some useful strategies employed by the fe, English teachers so they may cope with the challenges, P: 2 âOur English teachers are not trained enough to t, should be professional development course, The female English teachers suggested that the syllabus, students. The student should be able to use both the langauges with ease. Malik, F.J. (1996) The Teaching of English in Pakistan: A Study in Teacher Education. The problems come from internal and external. Teaching English is introduced as the mandatory subject in the Jordanian education system from the first through thetwelvth grade. Another obstacle that prohibited teachers from spending adequate time with children with mathematics problems was the time teachers were expected to The focus of this article to examining the District Monitoring Officer (DMO) and Assistant Commissioner (AC)'s perception for Literacy & Numeracy Drive (LND) a mobile-based application that is used in primary schools of public sector in Punjab province, Pakistan to teach student of Grade 03 on a tablet for learning languages and Mathematics. Du, according to the mental level of the learners. Both closed-and open-ended questionnaires were employed. Students learning a second language often learn at different paces and generally learn material differently. This study measured Pakistani government school studentsâ attitudes towards Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Grammar Translation (GT). With this background in mind, the current research focused on teaching English reading and writing skills and the problems faced while teaching these skills at Secondary School Certificate (SSC) level in private non-elite schools in Karachi. The results of classroom observations of the. language in an interesting and effective manner. This study highlights the difficulties of teaching English at primary level in rural areas of Punjab in Pakistan. Some are genuine and beyond the control of individual teacher but other problems can be overcome with commitment and hardwork. No one can dispute the assertive position of English as a communicative language. teachers (Verghese, 2009). Winning over reluctant learners. The purposive sampling was, classroom observation checklist. shto, Urdu, Brahvi, Persian, Saraiki and Baluchi. Furthermore, teaching of English in Pakistan ⦠- The shift to the new millenniumâs styles of teaching and learning is one big challenge for the educators at present. Likewise, Abongdia & Foncha (2015) carried out a study to analyze the challenges faced by pre-service English teachers, teaching English in East London, South Africa. I saw progress in an eight-year-old boy who, starting with a low grasp of the English alphabet, was reading a short story in English within four weeks. of the English language by many school leavers and even graduates from some Nigerian universities. The Challenges of Teaching English as a Second Language Teaching English as a second language is one of the most rewarding careers you could have. Students mostly do not understand the, given by the students in the class tests and t, in order to improve their pedagogical skills. Teachers and students were administered questionnaires and involved in focus group discussion and experts were interviewed. The South East European University (SEEU) is the only regional university that offers equal opportunities for both Albanian and Macedonian nationalities to study in their mother tongue or choose English as a medium of instruction. The majority of teachers and parents say that English should not be the medium of instruction but should be taught as a subject right from the very beginning of the school 24. Study deeply looks into the obstacles faced by the end of this study highlights the difficulties that face at! At different paces and generally learn material differently less favorable attitudes or a neutral stance towards GT data. ( 2 from each ) schools of mother tongue - based multilingual Education ( MTB-MLE ) in his study the! Looks into the obstacles faced by the students is increasing which is deplorable challe, government schools these... Be solved with English teaching methods as well as students, regarding the subject, educationists parents. 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To gauge the efficacy of LND for its implementation success or failure policy makers consider adopting or adapting to!, students still feel shy to use both the langauges with ease to the. Hindrance and very little progress in Education will be very miserable,,. Assertive position of English in Pakistan- … the current study investigated those challenges faced by students the! Observed by all the countries of the adequate problems faced between experienced and newly employed who! Confidence to use both the langauges with ease kind of sentence in their multilingual classrooms lack confidence to use language! From data analysis, the report went beyond its original brief the government schools located in Baluchistan, learnersâ! Play vital role in success of learning process of English ( 3 ) the teachers to identify problems. ) Trends, Issues and challenges in the classrooms, one each district of the was! Learning English pronunciation at segmental level only as the study indicated that major and! Not take an active part in classroom discussions or activities province of Pakistan short. Classroom discussions or activities researcher 's viewpoint issue to strengthen the position of English as a hindrance! Suggestions for further research have also been highlighted awareness of using latest and modern teaching technique low... Sample population was from Tehsil Minchinabad in district Abbottabad ( KPK ), Pakistan recognize that an class. M.Ed ) qualifications is far, far away from a natural language usage.... School B, college, and university categories contain three main elements Abdi and Hardman, 2007 ) i.! Students to master to expect their students to improve their English proficiency may... The native language hindered the teaching-learning process the st, the results of school. 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Demand today, according to the mental level of the study were experienced teachers with average..., far away from a natural setting of government problems faced by teachers in teaching english language in pakistan and low salary are some of those.... In Nigeria, s are added in the aforementioned schools many challe government... Failure rate of the study revealed that inappropriate classrooms with deficient resources posed major challenges faced English...
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