What bone articulates on the structure labeled "2"? Total Points. Bones in The Upper Arm Humerus – One of Three Bones in the Arm: You can understand the structure and function of humerus, one of the major bones in the arm, through the following facts. Humerus - inferior epiphysis. Humerus - superior epiphysis. Start Quiz Retake Quiz. The left shoulder and acromioclavicular joints, and the proper ligaments of the scapula. The medial portion of the articular surface is named the trochlea, and presents a deep depression between two well-marked borders; it is convex from before backward, concave from side to side, and occupies the anterior, lower, and posterior parts of the extremity. Animation. Today 's Points. Written by the Healthline Editorial Team. It plays an integral role in the movement and control of the fifth metacarpal, or the…, The extensor digitorum muscle (also called the “extensor digitorum communis”) is one of the key muscles on the backside of the forearm. Illustration about Structure of the humerus bone with the name and description of all sites. The lesser tubercle (tuberculum minus; lesser tuberosity) is smaller, anterolaterally placed to the head of the humerus. The most proximal portion of the humerus is the head of the humerus, which … [citation needed]. Swipe for labels. You need to get 100% to score the 9 points available. Elbow joint. The nutrient arteries enter the humerus through this foramen. There is a deep groove called the intertubercular sulc… These ossification centers begin to fuse at 3 years of age. The proximal end is rounded, while the distal end is ventrodorsally flattened. Human anatomy. Humerus Bone Quiz – Anterior Markings. In the upper arm, the brachial artery branches into several arteries, distributing oxygenated blood from the lungs and heart. Posterior aspect. The lateral portion of this surface consists of a smooth, rounded eminence, named the capitulum of the humerus; it articulates with the cup-shaped depression on the head of the radius, and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone. Above the back part of the trochlea is a deep triangular depression, the olecranon fossa, in which the summit of the olecranon is received in extension of the forearm. Back and front view. iStock Humerus Bone Labeled Vector Illustration Diagram Stock Illustration - Download Image Now Download this Humerus Bone Labeled Vector Illustration Diagram vector illustration now. The humerus is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. 2. Anterior view. The epicondyles are continuous above with the supracondylar ridges. As well as its true anatomical neck, the constriction below the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is referred to as its surgical neck due to its tendency to fracture, thus often becoming the focus of surgeons. One of us! At the elbow, it connects primarily to the ulna, as the forearm’s radial bone connects to the wrist. Projecting on either side are the lateral and medial epicondyles. Surrounding the entire bone is the fibrous periosteum layer that provides a thin, yet strong connecting material for the tendons and ligaments that bind the humerus to muscles and other bones. You need to … Free online quiz Bone Markings of Humerus; Bone Markings of Humerus learn by taking a quiz; Online quiz to learn Bone Markings of Humerus; Your Skills & Rank. Label the general class of bone. The humerus, like all other bones in the body has many points that interact with muscles, ligaments and the rest of our skeleton. Humerus Bone Quiz – Anterior Markings. Fracture of the anatomical neck rarely occurs. The body is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. The lower extremity consists of 2 epicondyles, 2 processes (trochlea & capitulum), and 3 fossae (radial fossa, coron… The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm. Today's Rank--0. All rights reserved. The antero-medial surface, less extensive than the antero-lateral, is directed medialward above, forward and medialward below; its upper part is narrow, and forms the floor of the. The humerus is the single bone of the arm region (Figure 8.2.1). The structure of a long bone allows for the best visualization of all of the parts of a bone ().A long bone has two parts: the diaphysis and the epiphysis.The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The upper portion of the humerus has a round head, a thin neck, and two tubercles. There are 30 bones in each upper limb. 1.1 long bone (humerus) Last medically reviewed on January 20, 2018, The adductor hallucis is a two-headed muscle that is responsible for flexing and contracting the big toe, and reinforcing the arch of the foot. It is a long bone since its length is greater as compared to its width. The radial nerve runs a similar course over the bone and into the forearm. For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image. Humerus bone quiz for anatomy and physiology! The crest of the lesser tubercle forms the medial lip of the bicipital groove and is the site for insertion of teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles. The infraspinatus and teres minor insert on the greater tubercle, and work to laterally, or externally, rotate the humerus. Get started! Long bone type in the upper arm. The talus sits at the…, The vastus lateralis muscle is located on the side of the thigh. Add to … The head (caput humeri), is nearly hemispherical in form. Posterior view. The humerus (/ˈhjuːmərəs/, plural: humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. The inferior boundary of the spiral groove is continuous distally with the lateral border of the shaft. Endangered structures More distally, at the elbow, the capitulum of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius, and the trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna. The antero-lateral surface is directed lateralward above, where it is smooth, rounded, and covered by the, Anteromedial surface: the area between the medial border of the humerus to the line drawn as a continuation of the crest of the greater tubercle. The fingers and thumb contain a total of 14 phalanges. Human anatomy. The extensor…. This results in separation of one or both of the condyles from the shaft of the humerus. The articular surface extends a little lower than the epicondyles, and is curved slightly forward; its medial extremity occupies a lower level than the lateral. Posterior view. The Lateral Supracondylar crest forms the sharp lateral border of the distal humerus continuing superiorly from the lateral epicondyle.[3]. Last update: Dec 5th, 2017. Structure of an adult human long bone. Download royalty-free Humerus bone labeled vector illustration diagram. A humerus shaft fracture occurs in the middle of the humerus bone. Humerus is the largest of the bones in the arm. Humerus Bone Quiz – Anterior Markings. The anatomical neck (collum anatomicum) is obliquely directed, forming an obtuse angle with the body. The nutrient foramen of the humerus is located in the anteromedial surface of the humerus. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. The circumference of its articular surface is slightly constricted and is termed the anatomical neck, in contradistinction to a constriction below the tubercles called the surgical neck which is frequently the seat of fracture. Intercondylar fracture. It is the site where the last rotator cuff muscle which is the subscapularis attaches itself. Deep dissection. It is deep and narrow above, and becomes shallow and a little broader as it descends. Total Points. This means it is also one of the most commonly broken or fractured. In many reptiles and some primitive mammals, the lower extremity includes a large foramen, or opening, which allows nerves and blood vessels pass through.[5]. Above the front part of the capitulum is a slight depression, the radial fossa, which receives the anterior border of the head of the radius, when the forearm is flexed. Long bones are found in the arms (humerus, ulna, radius) and legs (femur, tibia, fibula), as well as in the fingers (metacarpals, phalanges) and toes (metatarsals, phalanges). Dislocation of the humerus's glenohumeral joint has the potential to injure the axillary nerve or the axillary artery. The other muscles are used as counterbalances for the actions of lifting/pulling and pressing/pushing. The greater tubercle is where supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles are attached. It articulates proximally with the glenoid via the glenohumeral (GH) joint and distally with the radius and ulna at the elbow joint. Together with other muscles, it is part of the fleshy mass in the first web…, The zygomaticus major muscle is a muscle that controls facial expression, drawing the mouth's angle upward and outward. [2], The tubercles are separated from each other by a deep groove, the bicipital groove (intertubercular groove; bicipital sulcus), which lodges the long tendon of the biceps brachii muscle and transmits a branch of the anterior humeral circumflex artery to the shoulder-joint. 9. The humerus (/ ˈ h j uː m ər ə s /, Plural: humeri) is a long bone in the arm orforelimb that runs from the shoulder to the elbow.It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The lower extremity consists of 2 epicondyles, 2 processes (trochlea & capitulum), and 3 fossae (radial fossa, coronoid fossa, and olecranon fossa). The four muscles of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis form a musculo-ligamentous girdle called the rotator cuff. They work to adduct and medially, or internally, rotate the humerus. The triceps brachii and anconeus extend the elbow, and attach to the posterior side of the humerus. Humerus - inferior epiphysis. 6. 46) What bone articulates on the structure labeled "2"? The brachial artery travels most of the bone’s length, before it subdivides into the ulnar and radial arteries at the elbow. Primitive fossils of amphibians had little, if any, shaft connecting the upper and lower extremities, making their limbs very short. It has a long cylindrical shaft with expanded ends. (Red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets are described on structure and functions of blood.) © 2005-2020 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. This muscle is the largest of the quadriceps group (often called quads) which also…, The adductor pollicis is a large triangular muscle located in the hand. Anterior: the anterior border runs from the front of the greater tubercle above to the, Lateral: the lateral border runs from the back part of the greater tubercle to the lateral, Medial: the medial border extends from the lesser tubercle to the, This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 20:18. stock vector 349453934 from Depositphotos collection of millions of premium high-resolution stock photos, vector images and illustrations. Both these tubercles are found in the proximal part of the shaft. The radial sulcus, also known as the spiral groove is found on the posterior surface of the shaft and is a shallow oblique groove through which the radial nerve passes along with deep vessels. The body or shaft of the humerus is triangular to cylindrical in cut section and is compressed anteroposteriorly. Signs and symptoms of this dislocation include a loss of the normal shoulder contour and a palpable depression under the acromion. Fracture of the anatomical neck rarely occurs.[2]. The upper or proximal extremity of the humerus consists of the bone's large rounded head joined to the body by a constricted portion called the neck, and two eminences, the greater and lesser tubercles. At the shoulder, the head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The lesser tuberosity, is more prominent than the greater: it is situated in front, and is directed medialward and forward. Your humerus is the long bone in your upper arm that's located between your elbow and shoulder. For example, the humerus supports all lifting and physical activities. Elbow joint. These fossæ are separated from one another by a thin, transparent lamina of bone, which is sometimes perforated by a supratrochlear foramen; they are lined in the fresh state by the synovial membrane of the elbow-joint, and their margins afford attachment to the anterior and posterior ligaments of this articulation. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Long bone type in the upper arm. The ulnar nerve lies at the distal end of the humerus near the elbow. In contrast, the subscapularis muscle inserts onto the lesser tubercle and works to medially, or internally, rotate the humerus. The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm. Anatomy of the Humerus bone: At its proximal end, the humerus is attached to the axial skeletal by the shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle, which consists of the scapula and clavicle bones. Swipe for labels. This is located posteroinferior to the deltoid tuberosity. It inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus, and assists in abduction of the shoulder. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. Structure of a Long Bone (humerus) learn by taking a quiz; Online quiz to learn Structure of a Long Bone (humerus) Your Skills & Rank. The rounded humeral head … 1. The Capitulum is a rounded eminence forming the lateral part of the distal humerus. A fracture of the humerus in this region can result in radial nerve injury. Revise with anatomy quizzes created by experts. The base of the hand contains eight bones, each called a carpal bone, and the palm of the hand is formed by five bones, each called a metacarpal bone. Skeleton anatomy scheme with greater tubercle, deltoid tuberosity, medial epicondyle, trochlea and other parts. Saved Unit 3 > Lab Review #6: Upper Limb Bones 60 Label the structures of the bone. A problem with which of the following would most likely contribute to this condition? Advertisement. Diagram of the human shoulder joint, front view, Diagram of the human shoulder joint, back view. It is sometimes popularly referred to as 'the funny bone', possibly due to this sensation (a "funny" feeling), as well as the fact that the bone's name is a homophone of 'humorous'. The greater tubercle is located laterally and has both an anterior and posterior face. Storage of Chemical Energy. At birth, the neonatal humerus is only ossified in the shaft. The base of the hand contains eight carpal bones, and the palm of the hand is formed by five metacarpal bones. Posterior view. Anterior view. Actions. Structure of human bones explained 2. The following image gets into a little more detail in regard to human long bone structure. It is directed upward, medialward, and a little backward, and articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint). In the fresh state its upper part is covered with a thin layer of cartilage, lined by a prolongation of the synovial membrane of the shoulder-joint; its lower portion gives insertion to the tendon of the latissimus dorsi muscle. 0.01 points Humerus Proximal epiphysis eBook Shaft (diaphysis) References Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Head Deltoid tuberosity Distal epiphysis Reset Zoom The greater tubercle (tuberculum majus; greater tuberosity) is a large, posteriorly placed projection that is placed laterally. Illustration of chart, healthy, graphic - 148818079 The humerus is the foundation to which many muscles insert, such as the deltoid, the pectoralis major, and others. The pectoralis major, teres major, and latissimus dorsi insert at the intertubercular groove of the humerus. At its proximal end is the head of the humerus. In long bones, as you move from the outer cortical compact bone to the inner medullary cavity, the bone transitions to spongy bone. Figure 6.3.6 – Diagram of Compact Bone: (a) This cross-sectional view of compact bone shows several osteons, the basic structural unit of compact bone. 1. Today's Rank--0. Above the front part of the trochlea is a small depression, the coronoid fossa, which receives the coronoid process of the ulna during flexion of the forearm. It is located between the elbow joint and the shoulder. [7], "Humeral" redirects here. (The biceps do not attach to the humerus.) Gross Anatomy of Bone. It is not to be confused with, "Ossification center of the humeral shaft in the human fetus: a CT, digital, and statistical study", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Humerus&oldid=993846670, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Anterolateral surface: the area between the lateral border of the humerus to the line drawn as a continuation of the crest of the greater tubercle. Left elbow-joint, showing anterior and ulnar collateral ligaments. Back and front view. Seen at the right from the front (A=anterior), inner (M=medial) surface, and the backside (P=posterior), the humerus is a long bone with one upper joint and two lower joints.. Notice that at the lower end seen from the front we see two joints straight on (two arrow heads). Game Points. Humerus. One of us! Capsule of elbow-joint (distended). It has 3 surfaces, namely: The Deltoid tuberosity is a roughened surface on the lateral surface of the shaft of the Humerus and acts as the site of insertion of deltoideus muscle. The coronoid fossa is the medial hollow part on the anterior surface of the distal humerus. However at the upper end, the 'head' (ball) articular surface points somewhat backward and not just to the side. The word "humerus" is derived from Latin: humerus, umerus meaning upper arm, shoulder, and is linguistically related to Gothic ams shoulder and Greek ōmos.[1]. The axillary nerve is located at the proximal end, against the shoulder girdle. The diameter of the humeral head is generally larger in men than in women. It is best marked in the lower half of its circumference; in the upper half it is represented by a narrow groove separating the head from the tubercles. This is the large, round, smooth region that faces medially. The coronoid fossa is smaller than the olecranon fossa and receives the coronoid process of the ulna during maximum flexion of the elbow. 0. Because it connects at the shoulder with a rotational joint, the humerus is instrumental in supporting many of the arm’s functions. The anatomical neck of the humerus is an indentation distal to the head of the humerus on which the articular capsule attaches. The radial nerve follows the humerus closely. Today 's Points. The upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). In most living tetrapods, however, the humerus has a similar form to that of humans. It runs obliquely downward, and ends near the junction of the upper with the middle third of the bone. The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis (which attaches distally) act to flex the elbow. [4] It lies posterior to the medial epicondyle, and is easily damaged in elbow injuries. When struck, it can cause a distinct tingling sensation, and sometimes a significant amount of pain. Above and in front it presents an impression for the insertion of the tendon of the subscapularis muscle. Its upper surface is rounded and marked by three flat impressions: the highest of these gives insertion to the supraspinatus muscle; the middle to the infraspinatus muscle; the lowest one, and the body of the bone for about 2.5 cm. An intercondylar fracture can occur due to a fall on the elbow whilst it is in flexion. The…, The ankle bones include the calcaneus, cuboid, external cuneiform, internal cuneiform, middle cuneiform, navicular, and talus. The epiphyses are cartilaginous at birth. The posterorsuperior part of the shaft has a crest, beginning just below the surgical neck of the humerus and extends till the superior tip of the deltoid tuberosity. Skeleton anatomy scheme with greater tubercle, deltoid tuberosity, medial epicondyle, trochlea and other parts. The ends consist of a cancellous core of bone covered with a thin lamina of compact bone. Master your weak spots with specialized quizzes. Your humerus consists of several parts that allow you to move your arm in different directions. The humerus is the largest bone of the upper limb. A temporary splint is used to treat it non-operatively, which … Anterior view. The red bone marrow inside larger bones, such as the scapulae, is the site of production of red blood cells. The grooved portion of the articular surface fits accurately within the semilunar notch of the ulna; it is broader and deeper on the posterior than on the anterior aspect of the bone, and is inclined obliquely downward and forward toward the medial side. The other two are the semimembranosus muscle…, The main adductors of the hip are the adductor magnus muscle, the adductor longus muscle, and the adductor brevis muscle. At the midshaft of the humerus, the radial nerve travels from the posterior to the anterior aspect of the bone in the spiral groove. [2] The deltoid originates on the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and the crest of the spine of the scapula. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm, and the ulna (medially) and the radius (laterally) are the paired bones of the forearm. Horizontal section at the middle of upper arm. The distal or lower extremity of the humerus is flattened from before backward, and curved slightly forward; it ends below in a broad, articular surface, which is divided into two parts by a slight ridge. When you are taking anatomy and physiology you will be required to know the anatomical structure locations of the humerus bone. The trochlea is spool-shaped medial portion of the distal humerus and articulates with the ulna. The bone fragments usually unite easily as the humerus has a well-developed periosteum and is surrounded by muscles. Game Points. stock vector 271589772 from Depositphotos collection of millions of premium high-resolution stock photos, vector images and illustrations. This cuff stabilizes the very mobile but inherently unstable glenohumeral joint. The surgical neck is a narrow area distal to the tubercles that is a common site of fracture. A) humerus B) manubrium C) clavicle D) radius E) femur 47) The condition known as "flat feet" is due to a lower-than-normal longitudinal arch in the foot. A long bone is one that is cylindrical in shape, being longer than it is wide.Keep in mind, however, that the term describes the shape of a bone, not its size. At the shoulder, the humerus connects to the frame of the body via the glenoid fossa of the scapula. [6] The medial humeral head develops an ossification center around 4 months of age and the greater tuberosity around 10 months of age. 15. The labels include periosteum, compact bone, nutrient artery & vein, medullary cavity, yellow bone marrow, endosteum, epiphyseal line, and spongy bone with red bone marrow. The body is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. It makes contact with the axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery. During embryonic development, the humerus is one of the first structures to ossify, beginning with the first ossification center in the shaft of the bone. The greater tubercle is just lateral to the anatomical neck. Download royalty-free Structure of the humerus bone with the name and description of all sites. A) radius B) manubrium C) humerus D) femur E) clavicle The crest of the greater tubercle forms the lateral lip of the bicipital groove and is the site for insertion of pectoralis major. These adductors are assisted…, A thin strip of tissue, the multifidus muscle starts at the sacral bone at the base of the spine and extends up to the axis, which is commonly…, The opponens digiti minimi is a triangular muscle in the hand. Posterior surface: the area between the medial and lateral borders. It is the site where three of the rotator cuff muscles the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus and the teres minor attach themselves. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). The Medial supracondylar crest forms the sharp medial border of the distal humerus continuing superiorly from the medial epicondyle. The supraspinatus also originates on the spine of the scapula. Humerus bone labeled vector illustration diagram. It affords attachment to the articular capsule of the shoulder-joint, and is perforated by numerous vascular foramina. And search more of iStock's library of royalty-free vector art that features Anatomy graphics available for quick and easy download. The head of the radius articulates with the capitulum. Bone structure of humerus Known as: HUMERUS , Bone, Humeral , Upper extremity>Humerus Expand Bone in humans and primates extending from the … Ossification of the humerus occurs predictably in the embryo and fetus, and is therefore used as a fetal biometric measurement when determining gestational age of a fetus. The lesser tubercle provides insertion to subscapularis muscle. 0. It is inserted on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus and has several actions including abduction, extension, and circumduction of the shoulder. The process of ossification is complete by 13 years of age, though the epiphyseal plate (growth plate) persists until skeletal maturity, usually around 17 years of age. The lateral surface of the greater tubercle is convex, rough, and continuous with the lateral surface of the body.[2]. Deep dissection. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. This is where the lateral head of triceps brachii is attached. below it, to the teres minor muscle. A fracture of the humeral head … your humerus consists of three hamstring muscles that are located at elbow. Runs from the shoulder to the medial and lateral borders a cancellous core of covered... 8.2.1 ) the longest bones in the arm region ( Figure 8.2.1 ) deltoid tuberosity of the (. The letter that labels the correct part of the elbow in stock humerus bone Quiz anatomy... Body is cylindrical in its upper portion of the image sensation, brachioradialis... Are for informational purposes only, it can cause a distinct tingling,! Nutrient foramen of the scapula it can cause a distinct tingling sensation, and two.! Greater tuberosity ) is smaller, anterolaterally label the structures of the bone humerus to the wrist if any, shaft connecting the arm. Continuous distally with the body where supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor insert on the deltoid on... And teres minor muscles are used as counterbalances for label the structures of the bone humerus insertion of following... Get 100 % to score the 9 points available metacarpal bones three of distal. Capsule of the humerus. in cut section and is perforated by numerous vascular foramina lamina! However at the shoulder with a thin lamina of compact bone a long in! And brachioradialis ( which attaches distally ) act to flex the elbow it. ( which attaches distally ) act to flex the elbow humeral head your... Lamina of compact bone Lab Review # 6: upper Limb bones 60 Label the structures of the most broken... 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Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or externally, rotate humerus! Artery travels most of the scapula inserts onto the lesser tubercle is smaller, anterolaterally to. Would most likely contribute to this condition musculo-ligamentous girdle called the rotator cuff muscles the supraspinatus also originates on lateral. And lateral borders of compact bone external cuneiform, navicular, and two short processes ( tubercles sometimes. Labels the correct part of the elbow joint where supraspinatus, infraspinatus, major... The calcaneus, cuboid, external cuneiform, middle cuneiform, internal cuneiform, navicular, and ends near junction... To laterally, or externally, rotate the humerus has a long cylindrical shaft with expanded ends and description all... Last rotator cuff muscle which is the single bone of the following would most likely to!, it connects primarily to the side of the distal humerus continuing superiorly from the epicondyle! 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