1 to 2% of patients will manifest non-paralytic poliomyelitis, that may present with findings of nuchal rigidity, and positive Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs. Theyre the following: Asymptomatic or subclinical polio. See also: poliomyelitis. Change of disease name. 1.4. Corrections to Poliomyelitis paralytic infection. Nonparalytic poliomyelitis. The only occurrences of paralytic poliomyelitis in the West after this time were the few cases caused by the live-virus vaccine itself. Non-paralytic polio About 4-8 per cent of people who are infected suffer from whats known as abortive poliomyelitis. Non-paralytic does not lead to paralysis and only lasts up to ten days. Thirteen cases of non-paralytic poliomyelitis infection in chimpanzees are described. NNDSS data reported by the 50 states, New York City, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. territories are collated and published. In very rare cases it causes muscle weakness resulting in an inability to move or paralysis. It is spread by human to human contact. To review systematically the effects of any treatment for PPS compared to placebo, usual care or [] Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is an injectable Paralytic polio is classified into three types, depending on the level of involvement. The usual symptoms are slight fever, malaise, headache, sore throat and vomiting which hit 3-5 days after exposure to the polio virus. nonparalytic poliomyelitis. headache). Non-paralytic aseptic meningitis. Polio infection of its non-paralytic and paralytic varieties usually does not have a cure. Weekly cases of notifiable diseases, United States, U.S. territories, and Non-U.S. WHO-recommended surveillance standard of poliomyelitis Rationale for surveillance. Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions, p listing. This type of polio doesnt cause paralysis, and the symptoms (which include fever, sore throat, mild headache, nausea and vomiting, and either constipation or diarrhoea) usually improve within about 3 days. Background: Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is a rare adverse event associated with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Paralytic Polio: The symptoms of paralytic polio are similar to those of non-paralytic polio, involving weakness of one or more of a person's muscle groups. In children < 5 years of age, it is observed in < 1% of poliovirus infections. Applicable To. Non-paralytic poliomyelitis; some observations on differential diagnosis. Vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP) and vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) The oral polio vaccine (OPV) is an extremely safe and effective tool for immunizing children against polio. Polio hit its peak in the United States in 1952, when there were over 21,000 cases of paralytic polio. During the summer of 1948, an unusual number of patients with illnesses resembling nonparalytic poliomyelitis were admitted to hospitals in the southern part of New England. Paralytic polio also occurs in persons who receive the live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis or VAPP), or their contacts, at a rate of approximately 1 in every 2.5 million doses administered, or 1 in 800,000 rst vaccinations. There are three types of polio infections: sub-clinical, non-paralytic and paralytic. Polio usually affects children under age 5. The symptoms, which are considered the most serious may begin mimicking non-paralytic polio (such as fever and headache). Polio is a very contagious disease caused by a virus. Non-paralytic polio symptoms: Non-paralytic polio infections develop flu-like symptoms that consist of fever, sore throat, headache, malaise, and muscle stiffness (neck, back). causes epidemics. Non-paralytic poliovirus infections should be reported to a public health entity within three working days. Initial signs and symptoms of paralytic polio are like non-paralytic polio; but later the symptoms change and following may appear as follows: Oral polio vaccine can be associated with: 27,28 The elevation in risk was less pronounced in the nonparalytic group (OR = 2.35; 95% CI = 0.92-5.97) than the group with permanent muscular weakness (OR = 8.84; 95% CI =4.32-18.09). In Table B are shown the 24 paralytic and 10 non-paralytic cases of poliomyelitis which occurred within 15 days following a first inoculation of vaccine. Paralysis, usually asymmetric, follows. RESULTS: The risk of experiencing two or more symptoms was significantly higher among the polio patients than among the persons without history of poliomyelitis. Poliomyelitis in nothing but the scientific term or synonym of the disease Polio. A bootstrap method was applied to calculate global VAPP burden estimates. About 1 percent of polio cases can develop into paralytic polio. Map of Ghana showing the study sites. Poliovirus infection, non-paralytic CASE DEFINITION 2010 - CSTE Position Statement Number: 09-ID-53 Case classification: Confirmed: Any person without symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitis in whom a poliovirus isolate was identified in an appropriate clinical specimen, with confirmatory typing and sequencing performed by the SILVERTHORNE N, GOODFELLOW AM. Confirmed, probable, and clinically suspected cases of acute paralytic poliomyelitis are required to be reported immediately to the local or regional health department or to DSHS EAIDB at (800) 252-8239 or (512) 776-7676. It occurs under conditions of poorly hygiene. Symptoms of paralytic polio involve rare and severe complications. Up to 9% of cases. Also known as Aseptic Meningitis, this form of poliomyelitis is observed in about 1 to 2% of individuals infected with the poliovirus. Weekly cases of notifiable diseases, United States, U.S. territories, and Non-U.S. The disease is more common in the summer and the fall. 4. Similar transitory infections may occur in the experimental disease in monkeys. Permanent weakness is observed in two-thirds of patients with paralytic poliomyelitis. Although vaccines reduced polio in temperate countries, polio was thought to be no pro (paralytic) poliomyelitis. Laboratory Criteria for The study found the paralysis rate to be as high as 30 per 100,000 in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Non-paralytic polio symptoms: Non-paralytic polio infections develop flu-like symptoms that consist of fever, sore throat, headache, malaise, and muscle stiffness (neck, back). This type of polio doesnt cause paralysis, and the symptoms (which include fever, sore throat, mild headache, nausea and vomiting, and either constipation or Poliomyelitis is targeted for eradication.Highly sensitive surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), including immediate case investigation, and specimen collection are critical for the detection of wild poliovirus circulation with the ultimate objective of polio eradication. It causes fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. Symptoms of non-paralytic polio include flu -like symptoms ( fever, sore throat, headache, malaise, neck, and back and muscle stiffness or discomfort) that usually subside quickly. 218 Likes, 3 Comments - UCSF School of Medicine (@ucsfmedicine) on Instagram: During the first Match Day celebration of its kind, the UCSF School of Medicine class of 2020 A few have mild symptoms. Description The chain of nerve cells that runs from the brain through the spinal cord out to the muscle is called the motor pathway. Of the total number of those infected with the polio virus, a smaller number (than those with mild flu-like symptoms) will develop serious symptomssuch as those involving the nervous system (brain and spinal column). In the late 1940s, polio outbreaks in the U.S. increased in frequency and size, disabling an average of more than 35,000 people each year. Only a polio survivor can develop PPS, it By 30 days, most of the reversible damage will have disappeared, although some return of function can be expected up until nine months. Children younger than 5 years old mainly get this disease which attacks their nervous system, mainly the central nervous system. Changed from poliomyelitis to poliovirus infection to more accurately reflect both the notifiable paralytic and non-paralytic infections. nonparalytic poliomyelitis synonyms, nonparalytic poliomyelitis pronunciation, nonparalytic poliomyelitis translation, English dictionary definition of nonparalytic poliomyelitis. Change of disease name. If paralytic poliomyelitis is suspected, it should be reported immediately to public health in Utah. This can occur over a few hours to a few days. The first major documented polio outbreak in the United States occurred in Rutland County, Vermont. The vast majority of poliovirus infections do not produce symptoms, but 5 to 10 out of 100 people infected with polio may have some flu-like symptoms. Nonanalytic polio is a more serious form of polio and is associated with aseptic meningitis. Poliomyelitis (polio) is a viral disease that can range in severity from self-limiting disease to meningitis. 4. Signs and symptoms of non-paralytic polio can last from one to 10 days. Rarely polio can present as encephalitis, clinically indistinguishable from other causes of viral encephalitis. Non-polio enterovirus treatment includes oxygen therapy, inhaled steroids, ventilator support, and over-the-counter pain and fever-control medications. Polio is spread through the feces or mucus of people infected with the virus. The paralysis can progress for up to one week. Polio, or poliomyelitis, is an infectious viral disease that can strike at any age and affects a person's nervous system. This is why it is important to follow the polio drops schedule. Postpolio syndrome (PPS) may affect survivors of paralytic poliomyelitis and is characterised by a complex of neuromuscular symptoms leading to a decline in physical functioning. Charles Caverly, MD, noted the appearance of acute nervous system disease in the county. The majority of infections (72%) do not lead to any symptoms. Mandatory surveillance of all cases of AFP (even non-polio) is a part of the WHO strategy to monitor the effectiveness of the reporting system. The Bosomtwe district (rural) in the Ashanti region recorded the highest (4/1000) prevalence of paralytic polio and the lowest (0.08/1000) was recorded in the Accra metro, which is urban. 1 Symptoms of non-paralytic polio include flu -like symptoms ( fever, sore throat, headache, malaise, neck, and back and muscle stiffness or discomfort) that usually subside quickly. Polio has the potential to severely damage motor neurons leading to a lifetime of muscular dysfunction or Canadian Medical Association Journal, 01 Apr 1949, 60(4): 356-359 PMID: 18124598 PMCID: PMC1591362. BACKGROUND Few researchers have discussed hip joint dysplasia in adults affected by poliomyelitis. Four new cases of non-paralytic poliomyelitis were reported in the metropolitan area yesterday, three in this city and one in Nassau County. But very few children with polio develop paralysis. In 1979, among the Amish (two non-Amish) in Pennsylvania, Missouri, Iowa, and Wisconsin, ten para-lytic and five non-paralytic cases of poliomyelitis These symptoms last about 10-20 days and they completely resolve thus termed nonparalytic polio. Figure 1. Full recovery occurs in 24-72 hours. 3 To prevent the death by suffocation, Harvard professors Philip Drinker and Louis Agassiz Shaw invented the so called iron lung 4 (shown in the picture) in 1928. Polio is a very contagious disease caused by a virus. Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. View Full Article in Timesmachine to non-polio enterovirus infections. This can occur over a few hours to a few days. Paralysis Definition Paralysis is defined as complete loss of strength in an affected limb or muscle group. Polio is an infection caused by a virus that affects the entire body, including muscles and nerves. About 1%2% of infected individuals develop non-paralytic aseptic (viral) meningitis, with temporary stiffness of the neck, back, and/or legs. There are 3 types of polio: non-paralytic (does not lead to paralysis), spinal-paralytic (can result in the paralysis of one or more limbs), and bulbar (can result in weak muscles, reflex loss, and respiratory problems). All AFP cases during the last three years have been due to non-polio causes. The symptoms, which are considered the most serious may begin mimicking non-paralytic polio (such as fever and headache). Polio, also known as poliomyelitis, is caused by the poliovirus. 1 in 200 infections lead to irreversible paralysis and of these, 5-10% die from paralysis of the diaphragm leading to cessation of breathing. anthrax vaccine a cell-free protein extract of cultures of Bacillus anthracis, used for immunization against anthrax. Polio, or poliomyelitis, is an infectious viral disease that can strike at any age and affects a person's nervous system. The paralysis usually affects the legs, and it is permanent. Minor non-CNS illness. Diagnosis depends on the isolation of the virus and serological reactions. Methods: A literature review was conducted to abstract the epidemiology and calculate the risk of VAPP. Eighteen deaths and 132 cases of permanent paralysis were reported. 3. vaccine [vak-sn] a suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, or rickettsiae), administered for prevention, amelioration, or treatment of infectious diseases. Apostol LN, Suzuki A, Bautista A, Galang H, Paladin FJ, Fuji N, Lupisan S, Olveda R, Oshitani H: Detection of non-polio enteroviruses from 17 years children with paralytic poliomyelitis and subsequent of virological surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis in the Philippines. Polio is a viral infection that used to be common in the UK, but is now rare. In these countries, polio cases are seen sporadically or as outbreaks among non-vaccinated people. The most common form (90%) is asymptomatic or evokes only minor malaise. According to the CDC, there are three types of wild polioviruses, Types 1, 2, and 3.However, Type 2 and Type 3 were declared to have been eradicated in 2019. The mortality rate for acute paralytic polio ranges from 515%. 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Billable/Specific Code. Polio is more common in infants and young While there were no reliable clinical or laboratory criteria, the diagnosis of non-paralytic poliomyelitis was made when the following changes were found in the spinal cord: (a) outfall of neurons confirmed by the presence of the reaction of degeneration in the nerve roots, and (b) foci of glial infiltration and perivascular cuffing in the gray matter. Poliomyelitis officially eradicated in Europe (2002) The last reported case of polio on the European continent was a young Turkish boy in November 1998. In about 0.5 percent of cases, it moves from the gut to affect the central nervous system and there is muscle weakness resulting in a flaccid paralysis. Confirmed, probable, and clinically suspected non-paralytic poliovirus infections are required to be reported within 1 work day to the local or regional health department or to DSHS EAIDB. Poliomyelitis and Poliovirus infection, nonparalytic are Category 2 (A) diseases and shall be reported to the local health authority or to the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services within one (1) calendar day of first knowledge or suspicion by telephone, facsimile or other rapid communication. Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a non-contagious condition that can affect polio survivors usually 15 to 40 years after recovery from polio. There are 3 types of polio: non-paralytic (does not lead to paralysis), spinal-paralytic (can result in The disease was classified as either paralytic or non-paralytic. Adults who contracted paralytic poliovirus during childhood may develop a non-infectious post-polio syndrome 30 to It is characterized by asymmetric paralysis that most often involves the legs. In its most severe form, it may present as acute flaccid paralysis. Polio is either symptomatic or asymptomatic. Non-polio enterovirus infections cause symptoms such as sneezing, mouth blisters, and fever. This most serious form of the disease is rare. The virus is most known for causing paralysis. 258 NON-PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS IN CHIMPANZEE History and Findings in Non-Paralytic Instances t~.xperiment A1-75.~ Oct. 18, 29, 30, and 31, 1940. Share this Poliovirus can spread from person to person or by food or water containing human faeces and less commonly from infected saliva. Paralytic poliomyelitis is a rare outcome and occurs when poliovirus enters the central nervous system and replicates in anterior horn cells (motor neurons) of the spinal cord or brainstem. Specifically, 33 inoculated children receaving the complete vaccination series became paralyzed in the placebo areas. Acute onset of a flaccid paralysis of one or more limbs with decreased or absent tendon reflexes in the affected limbs, without other apparent cause, and without sensory or cognitive loss. nonparalytic poliomyelitis. Paralytic polio leads to paralysis in the spinal cord (spinal polio), brainstem (bulbar polio), or both (bulbospinal polio). In 1 in 200 cases, the virus destroys parts of the nervous system, causing permanent paralysis in the legs or arms. Pain and stiffness in the muscles of the axial skeleton, esp. Nine of these animals were excreting virus in. The polio virus enters the body through the mouth, usually from hands contaminated with the stool of an infected person. Paralytic polio begins with a fever for 5 to 7 days before any other symptom. In Europe, 43 of the 53 WHO member countries are involved in active AFP surveillance and reporting. '9 Epi-demics of paralysis due to Coxsackie A7 occurred in Russia in the 1950s and in Scot- Infection with the polio virus results in several different body responses. But most people who are infected with polio have no symptoms and a few have mild symptoms. toms of a minor, non-specific nature, such as sore throat and fever, nausea, vomiting, and other com-mon symptoms of any viral illness. Paralytic poliomyelitis. WHO-recommended surveillance standard of poliomyelitis Rationale for surveillance. In June, the World Health Organization reported 15 cases of children paralyzed in Syria by vaccine-derived forms of polio. Exercise increases the severity of paralytic polio, particularly during the first three days of major illness. Residents week ending July 10, 2021 (Week 27) Table1z Pertussis; Plague; Poliomyelitis, paralytic Published Date: 07/15/2021 a non-paralytic attack to paralysis. Non-polio enterovirus infections cause symptoms such as sneezing, mouth blisters, and fever. Nine of these animals were excreting virus in. Normal muscle function requires intact connections all along this motor pathway. For example, Lovett mistakenly believed that Landry's ascending paralysis, now termed GBS, was one of the clinical presentations of paralytic polio. Some people may get a skin rash that resemble a measles rash type. See also: poliomyelitis. Permanent weakness is observed in two-thirds of patients with paralytic poliomyelitis. About 2 to 10% of people who have paralysis from polio die, because the virus affects the muscles that help them breathe. Polio can lead to the death of infected patients when the paralysis is immobilizing their breathing muscles. It accounts for 80-90% of clinically apparent cases of polio infection, chiefly in young children. Acute flaccid paralysis occurs in 0.1% to 2% of cases. Free to read . Roughly two thirds of people with paralytic polio develop permanent weakness and paralysis. Symptoms of paralytic polio involve rare and severe complications. The study showed that the number of pulse polio rounds conducted in a state had a "high correlation" with the non-polio paralysis rate. To integrate AFM surveillance activities with those for poliomyelitis and non-paralytic poliovirus infection surveillance activities in order to establish a surveillance system sensitive enough to reliably detect cases of poliomyelitis. Paralytic polio. The paralysis of the legs may be patchy and non-uniform. This type of polio causes paralysis in the spinal cord (spinal polio). Read on to learn more about this condition in children. The incubation period of nonparalytic poliomyelitis is 3 to 6 days. : 203 [self-published source] In 1921, an American physician would assume that if an individual developed a sudden, non-traumatic flaccid paralysis, it was due to paralytic polio. Paralytic polio has several types, based on the part of your childs body that's affected spinal cord (spinal polio), brainstem (bulbar polio) or both (bulbospinal polio). Paralytic syndrome, unspecified. 1 "Assessment of vaccine safety, however, must take into account the normal coin cidental occurrence of polio during this interval. Join Flo as we explore the history of polio as well as the scientists who discovered the polio vaccine. Within a week, however, other signs and symptoms appear, including: 1.4. Corrections to Poliomyelitis paralytic infection. Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. Vaccine derived paralytic polio (VDPP) is caused by very rare mutation of the original strain of polio in the vaccine. Poliomyelitis (Polio) in Children What is polio in children? Non-paralytic polio About 4-8 per cent of people who are infected suffer from whats known as abortive poliomyelitis. (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non Oral polio vaccine is not routinely used in the U.S. Poliomyelitis is targeted for eradication.Highly sensitive surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), including immediate case investigation, and specimen collection are critical for the detection of wild poliovirus circulation with the ultimate objective of polio eradication. 7 July 2015. Type 2 polio vaccine Polio is a viral disease which may affect the spinal cord causing muscle weakness and paralysis. Thirteen cases of non-paralytic poliomyelitis infection in chimpanzees are described. Initial symptoms are similar to non-paralytic polio. In about 1 in 200 cases, people who have polio become paralyzed. Diphtheria* Poliomyelitis, paralytic and non-paralytic Viral hemorrhagic fever Rabies Yellow fever Anthrax Rabies Plague Tularemia NOTIFIABLE DISEASES OR CONDITIONS IN NEW MEXICO 7.4.3.13 NEW MEXICO ADMINISTRATIVE CODE ALL REPORTS INCLUDING ELECTRONIC LABORATORY REPORTS OF NOTIFIABLE CONDITIONS MUST INCLUDE: 1. In its most acute cases, it selectively destroys lower motor neurons of the spinal cord and brainstem which results in unilateral flaccid weakness or paralysis of the limbs. Non-paralytic polio: These cases typically involve the symptoms of abortive polio, with additional neurological symptorms, such as sensitivity to light and neck stiffness. Percentages in the placebo areas were: 67.5 paralytic, 17.6 non-paralytic, 7.2 doubtful, and 7.6 not polio. of the neck and back; mild fever; increased proteins and leukocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid. 1 to 2% of cases. Non-paralytic poliomyelitis is similar to abortive poliomyelitis but the case also displays meningeal irritation (but not paralysis). Polio is easily spread from person to person. Non-paralytic polio, also called abortive poliomyelitis, leads to flu-like symptoms that last for a few days or weeks. Diagnosis depends on the isolation of the virus and serological reactions. Some report a 1-3 day long viral illness in the preceding week with apparent full recovery for 2-5 days before the onset of paralysis. About a quarter of cases (24%) result in abortive poliomyelitis which leads to nonspecific symptoms for a few days, such as a fever or a cold, and 1-5% of cases lead to non-paralytic aseptic meningitis, in which the patient suffers from stiff limbs for up to 10 days. During his lifetime Sabin staunchly defended his live-virus vaccine, refusing to believe any evidence that it could cause paralytic poliomyelitis. '8 Paralysis dueto Coxsackie andEchoviruses tends to be less severe than that due to polio, and bulbar involvement, which has an impor-tant association with mortality, is rare. Poliomyelitis, commonly called polio, is a highly infectious disease, caused by the poliomyelitis virus. Two basic patterns of polio infection are described: a minor illness which does not involve the central nervous system (CNS), sometimes called abortive poliomyelitis, and a major illness involving the CNS, which may be paralytic or non-paralytic. Less than 1% of all polio infections result in the classic flaccid In the summer of 2002, the World Health Organization declared that polio had also been eliminated in Europe. Only 1%- 5% show symptoms such as sensitivity to light and stiffness in the neck. Poliovirus infection, non-paralytic The following case definition for non-paralytic poliovirus infection has been approved by CSTE and was published in 2010.24 Case classification Confirmed: Any person without symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitis in whom a poliovirus isolate was Changed from poliomyelitis to poliovirus infection to more accurately reflect both the notifiable paralytic and non-paralytic infections. In bulbar polio the brain is affected. Instructions for reporting. [PMID: 7634209] ] (Table 1). We retrospectively studied the outcomes of hip joint function in poliomyelitic adults who underwent periacetabular osteotomy for the contralateral painful non-paralytic dysplastic hip joints. The paralysis can progress for up to one week. Define nonparalytic poliomyelitis. Vaccine-associated paralytic polio from OPV. 1. Thankfully, its groundbreaking vaccine essentially eradicated it in most parts of the world. Total hip replacement in a limb severely affected by paralytic poliomyelitis. In about 0.5 percent of cases, it moves from the gut to affect the central nervous system and there is muscle weakness resulting in a flaccid paralysis. ence school in Connecticut, eight cases of paralytic poliomy-elitis and three of non-paralytic occurred in persons from 7 to 18 years of age. their stools at periods of from 3 days to 8 weeks following inoculation. It is an infectious disease. The mortality rate for acute paralytic polio ranges from 515%. Paralytic polio: The first signs of paralytic polio, after an initial period of viral-like symptoms, typically begin with loss of superficial reflexes and muscle pain or spasms. Spinal polio is most common, and during 19691979 accounted for 79% of paralytic cases. The poliovirus is a virus that causes paralysis. Benign scapuloperoneal muscular dystrophy with early contractures [Emery-Dreifuss] Congenital muscular dystrophy NOS; Congenital muscular dystrophy with specific morphological abnormalities of the muscle fiber Residents week ending July 10, 2021 (Week 27) Table1z Pertussis; Plague; Poliomyelitis, paralytic Post-polio syndrome is a poorly understood condition that can affect people who have had polio in the past. It is caused by 3 types of poliovirus. It can also cause brainstem (bulbar polio), or both (bulbospinal polio). Polio is a serious viral infection that was globally prevalent before the 1980s. The South Dakota Department of Health is authorized by SDCL 34-22-12 and ARSD 44:20 to collect and process mandatory reports of communicable diseases by physicians, hospitals, laboratories, and institutions. Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a non-contagious condition that can affect polio survivors usually 15 to 40 years after recovery from polio. their stools at periods Notes: These are annual cases of selected infectious national notifiable diseases from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). Paralytic polio is fatal in at least 2% to 5% of child cases and 15% to 30% of adolescent or adult cases. Most people who had polio would have fought off the infection without even realising they were infected. Can J Surg 1995; 38(4): 386. Most children who are infected with polio have no symptoms. Over the past 10 years, more than 10 billion doses of OPV have been administered to over 2.5 billion of the neck and back; mild fever; increased proteins and leukocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid. Live-Virus versus Killed-Virus Controversy. It's polio in terms of virulence and in terms of how the virus spreads." Overall, the prevalence of residual paralysis of poliomyelitis in Figure 2. Nonparalytic polio and postpolio syndrome We describe four cases of postpolio syndrome with typical histories, physical examination results, and electrodiagnostic evidence of extensive anterior horn cell disease, as well as the putative pathophysiology of postpolio syndrome in persons with histories of nonparalytic polio and the diagnostic It does not involve the CNS. 5. Treatment of polio 3 Ivar Wickman (1872-1914) : Discovered the epidemic character of polio (1907) and coined the term HeineMedin disease; also showed a high prevalence of non-paralytic polio. Management usually involves control of symptoms while the infection runs its usual course.